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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Papyrus 4</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours infobox float-right" style="text-align:left; font-size: 88%; width: 22em; border-spacing:0;">
<caption style="font-size: 110%; font-weight: bold;">Manuskripte des Neuen Testaments<br><a href="Liste_der_Papyri_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Liste der Papyri des Neuen Testaments">Papyri</a> • <a href="Liste_der_Unzialhandschriften_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Liste der Unzialhandschriften des Neuen Testaments">Unziale</a> • <a href="Liste_der_Minuskelhandschriften_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Liste der Minuskelhandschriften des Neuen Testaments">Minuskeln</a> • <a href="Liste_der_Lektionare_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Liste der Lektionare des Neuen Testaments">Lektionare</a>
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<th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%;">Papyrus <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup>
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<td colspan="2">
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;">Lukas 6,4–16
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<th>Zeichen
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<td><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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<th>Text
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<td><a href="Evangelium_nach_Lukas" title="Evangelium nach Lukas">Lukas</a> 1,58–60.62–73.75–80; 2,1.6–7; 3,8–20.20–38; 4,1–2.29–32.34–35; 5,3–8.30–39; 6,1–4.4–16<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<th>Sprache
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<td><a href="Altgriechische_Sprache" title="Altgriechische Sprache">griechisch</a>
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<th>Datum
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<td>spätes 2./3. Jahrhundert
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<th>Gefunden
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<td><a href="Koptos" title="Koptos">Koptos</a>, <a href="%C3%84gypten" title="Ägypten">Ägypten</a>
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<th>Lagerort
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<td><a href="Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a>, Suppl. Gr. 1120
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<tr>
<th>Typ
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<td><a href="Alexandrinischer_Texttyp" title="Alexandrinischer Texttyp">Alexandrinischer Texttyp</a>
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<th><a href="Kategorien_der_Handschriften_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Kategorien der Handschriften des Neuen Testaments">Kategorie</a>
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<td>I
</td></tr>



</tbody></table>
<p><b>Papyrus 4</b> (in der Nummerierung nach <a href="Gregory-Aland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory-Aland">Gregory-Aland</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<mi mathvariant="fraktur">P</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup>, Teil von <b><i>Suppl. Gr.</i> 1120</b>) ist eine frühe Handschrift des Neuen Testaments in <a href="Altgriechische_Sprache" title="Altgriechische Sprache">Griechisch</a>. Es ist ein <a href="Papyrus" title="Papyrus">Papyrus</a><a href="Manuskript" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuskript">manuskript</a> des <a href="Lukasevangelium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lukasevangelium">Lukasevangeliums</a> und wird auf das späte zweite / frühe dritte Jahrhundert datiert. Zusammen mit <a href="Papyrus_75" title="Papyrus 75"><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>75</sup></a> ist es eines der ältesten Manuskripte<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> des Lukasevangeliums und enthält große Teile der ersten sechs Kapitel.<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zurzeit wird es in der <a href="Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a> (Suppl. Gr. 1120) in <a href="Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> aufbewahrt.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup> wurde für die Bindung „eines Kodex von <a href="Philon_von_Alexandrien" class="mw-redirect" title="Philon von Alexandrien">Philo</a> verwendet, der im späten 3. Jahrhundert geschrieben wurde. Er wurde in einem Papierkorb gefunden, den man in einem Haus in <a href="Koptos" title="Koptos">Koptos</a> (ca. 250) eingemauert hatte.“<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Der griechische Text repräsentiert den <a href="Alexandrinischer_Texttyp" title="Alexandrinischer Texttyp">Alexandrinischen Texttyp</a>. <a href="Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Aland</a> ordnete ihn in <a href="Kategorien_der_Handschriften_des_Neuen_Testaments#Kategorie_I" title="Kategorien der Handschriften des Neuen Testaments">Kategorie I</a> ein.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Datierung">Datierung</h2></div>
<p>Philip Comfort und David Barret schreiben in ihrem Buch <i>Text of the Earliest NT Greek Manuscripts</i>, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
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</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup> vom gleichen Kodex wie <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>64/67</sup> (das <a href="Magdalenpapyrus" title="Magdalenpapyrus">Magdalenpapyrus</a>) stamme und datierten den Text auf 150–175 n. Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wieland stimmt vorläufig mit der „Datierung auf das 3. Jahrhundert überein, wie auch im <a href="Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">NA27</a>. Einige datieren es auf das 2. Jahrhundert (z.&nbsp;B. Roberts und Comfort). Dies ist sehr wahrscheinlich, wenn man die Verwendung des Bindematerials für einen Kodex des 3. Jahrhunderts betrachtet.“<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p><p>Comfort und Barret zeigen außerdem, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>64/67</sup> einige Übereinstimmungen mit einer Anzahl Papyri des späten 2. Jahrhunderts besitzen.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roberts (1979), Skeat (1997)<sup id="cite_ref-Gregoryp30_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregoryp30-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Wieland<sup id="cite_ref-Wieland_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wieland-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und Stanton<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> datieren den Text ebenfalls auf das späte zweite Jahrhundert. Dies führt Gregory zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass „es gute Gründe gibt, zu glauben, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup> ... im 2. Jahrhundert geschrieben sein mag.“<sup id="cite_ref-Gregoryp30_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregoryp30-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Charlesworth stellte 2007 fest, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>64/67</sup> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}">
<semantics>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f306de895b1fd787a364c508badc106b1ff73e18.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.924ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {P}}}" loading="lazy"></span><sup>4</sup>, obwohl vom selben Schreiber geschrieben, nicht aus demselben Kodex stammen.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Liste_der_Papyri_des_Neuen_Testaments" title="Liste der Papyri des Neuen Testaments">Liste der Papyri des Neuen Testaments</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Kurt Aland</a>: <i>Kurzgefaßte Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments – in Verbindung mit Michael Welte bearb. von Kurt Aland.</i> de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 1994, 2. neubearbeitete und ergänzte Auflage, ISBN 3-11-011986-2, (Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforschung Bd. 1).</li>
<li>Charlesworth, S. D.: <i>T. C. Skeat, P64+67 and P4, and the Problem of Fibre Orientation in Codicological Reconstruction</i>, New Testament Studies Vol. 53, Cambridge University Press 2007, S.&nbsp;582–604, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S002868850700029X">10.1017/S002868850700029X</a></span></li>
<li>Comfort, Philip W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0048-1009%28199907%2941%3A3%3C214%3ANRAION%3E2.0.CO%3B2-P"><i>New Reconstructions and Identifications of New Testament Papyri</i></a>. In: <i>Novum Testamentum</i>, Vol. 41, Fasc. 3., (Jul., 1999) S.&nbsp;214–230.</li>
<li>Comfort, Philip W. and Barrett, David P. <i>The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts</i> Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House. (2001) S.&nbsp;50–53</li>
<li>Gregory, A. <i>The Reception of Luke and Acts in the Period Before Irenaeus</i>, Mohr Siebeck, (2003) ISBN 3-16-148086-4, S.&nbsp;28</li>
<li>Head, PM (2005), <i>Is P4, P64 and P67 the Oldest Manuscript of the Four Gospels? A Response to T. C. Skeat</i>, New Test. Stud. 51, S.&nbsp;450–457, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0028688505000238">10.1017/S0028688505000238</a></span></li>
<li>Roberts, Colin. <i>Manuscript, Society, and Belief in Early Christian Egypt</i> Longwood (June 1979) ISBN 0-85672-710-5 pp.&nbsp;8+23</li>
<li>Skeat, T. C. (1997), <i>The Oldest Manuscript of the Four Gospels?</i>, New Test. Stud. 43, S.&nbsp;1–34.</li>
<li>Stanton, G. N. (1997), <i>The Fourfold Gospel</i>, New Test. Stud. 43, S.&nbsp;327</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li>Willker, Wieland. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-user.uni-bremen.de/~wie/TCG/Fragmentary-Papyri.pdf">A Textual Commentary on the Greek Gospels</a> (PDF-Datei; 85&nbsp;kB)</i>, (undated+unfinished)</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anmerkungen">Anmerkungen</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung, Manuscript Workspace, Papyrus 4 |Link: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ntvmr.uni-muenster.de/de_DE/manuscript-workspace?docID=10004">https://ntvmr.uni-muenster.de/de_DE/manuscript-workspace?docID=10004</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Gregory-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory (2003), S. 28</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Wieland-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Wieland_3-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilker</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Aland-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Aland_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Aland_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Kurt</a> und <a href="Barbara_Aland" title="Barbara Aland">Barbara Aland</a>: <i>Der Text des Neuen Testaments. Einführung in die wissenschaftlichen Ausgaben sowie in Theorie und Praxis der modernen Textkritik</i>. <a href="Deutsche_Bibelgesellschaft" title="Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft">Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft</a>, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-438-06011-6, S. 106.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberts (1979), S. 8: <i>a codex of Philo, written in the later third century and found in a jar which had been walled up in a house at Coptos [in 250].</i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Comfort (2001) S. 50–53, siehe auch (1999)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">i.&nbsp;e. <a href="Oxyrhynchus_Papyri" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxyrhynchus Papyri"><i>P. Oxy.</i></a> 224, 661, 2334, 2404 2750, <i>P. Ryl.</i> 16, 547, and <i>P. Vindob G</i> 29784</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Gregoryp30-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gregoryp30_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gregoryp30_8-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Gregory (2003), S. 30</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stanton (1997) S. 327</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Charlesworth (2007), S. 604</span>
</li>
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